{"id":682,"date":"2021-05-16T18:15:10","date_gmt":"2021-05-16T16:15:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/?p=682"},"modified":"2021-05-16T18:15:11","modified_gmt":"2021-05-16T16:15:11","slug":"un-apercu-de-la-geographie-du-nepal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/un-apercu-de-la-geographie-du-nepal\/","title":{"rendered":"Un aper\u00e7u de la g\u00e9ographie du N\u00e9pal"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Le N\u00e9pal est une petite bande d\u2019environ 200 kilom\u00e8tres de largeur, enclav\u00e9e entre l\u2019Inde et la Chine, dont il est s\u00e9par\u00e9 par les montagnes les plus hautes de l\u2019Himalaya. On peut le d\u00e9composer assez facilement en cinq r\u00e9gions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tout d\u2019abord, au sud du pays se trouve la plaine du Tera\u00ef, qui constitue le prolongement de la plaine du Gange en Inde. Le climat y est donc comparable : subtropical, tr\u00e8s humide, et les terres y sont fertiles. Tr\u00e8s agricole, ce territoire regroupe une part tr\u00e8s importante de la population N\u00e9palaise (environ la moiti\u00e9). La culture, majoritairement hindouiste, y est \u00e9galement assez proche de celle de la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019Inde voisine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Plus au Nord se trouvent les cha\u00eenes du Siwalik et du Mahabharat Lekh. Elles constituent avec le Pahar la zone des collines, ou \u00ab hills \u00bb. Du fait de leur topographie accident\u00e9e, ces deux cha\u00eenes sont tr\u00e8s peu habit\u00e9es. L\u2019agriculture y est tout de m\u00eame assez d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"N\u00e9pal<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Encore au Nord, entre le Mahabharat et l\u2019Himalaya se trouve le plateau du Pahar. C\u2019est ici que se trouvent entre autres la vall\u00e9e de Katmandou, la capitale, et la vall\u00e9e de Pokhara. C\u2019est \u00e9galement la zone qui concentre la plus grande partie de la population et de l\u2019activit\u00e9 du pays.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En se rapprochant encore de la fronti\u00e8re chinoise, on arrive \u00e0 l\u2019Himalaya. Zone tr\u00e8s peu peupl\u00e9e, les conditions de vie y sont tr\u00e8s difficiles, du fait de son caract\u00e8re tr\u00e8s accident\u00e9. Elle comporte huit sommets de plus de huit mille m\u00e8tres d\u2019altitude. C\u2019est \u00e9galement ici que la culture bouddhiste, assez minoritaire dans le pays, y est la plus pr\u00e9sente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, derri\u00e8re la cha\u00eene principale de l\u2019Himalaya, mais surtout des c\u00f4t\u00e9s est et central de la fronti\u00e8re, c\u2019est la r\u00e9gion du Transhimalaya qui s\u00e9pare le N\u00e9pal de la Chine. Les altitudes n\u2019y sont pas aussi \u00e9lev\u00e9es que dans l\u2019Himalaya \u00e0 proprement parler, mais c\u2019est pourtant un territoire  tr\u00e8s aride, et donc peu peupl\u00e9 \u00e9galement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sources :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zonehimalaya.net<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wikip\u00e9dia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

johntyman.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le N\u00e9pal est une petite bande d\u2019environ 200 kilom\u00e8tres de largeur, enclav\u00e9e entre l\u2019Inde et la Chine, dont il est s\u00e9par\u00e9 par les montagnes les plus hautes de l\u2019Himalaya. On peut le d\u00e9composer assez facilement en cinq r\u00e9gions. Tout d\u2019abord, au sud du pays se trouve la plaine du Tera\u00ef, qui constitue le prolongement de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=682"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":683,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/682\/revisions\/683"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=682"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=682"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/associations.institutoptique.fr\/iosf\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=682"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}